Jason Kendall
Jason Kendall
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Homogeneity, Isotropy and the Cosmological Principle
The Universe on the largest scales is both homogenous and isotropic. What this means, and how we know it, are the subject of this video. I also chat about some of the philosophical implications of this amazing idea, plus adding in a couple personal biases.
This is the third of the videos in my new series of Cosmology. I'm going through Dr. Barbara Ryden's textbook "Introduction to Cosmology". If you follow along, you'll get a full upper-division undergraduate course in Cosmology. I used this textbook at William Paterson University.
This course will cover the current state of the science of Cosmology. To follow along, it'll be a good idea for you to ge to know your calculus. Here are the topics of this video:
Introductory Cosmology
Chapter 02: Fundamental Observations
Section 02: The Universe is Isotropic and Homogeneous
Some things covered:
What are homogeneity and isotropy?
How can we measure them?
How does the Cosmic Microwave Background apply to this?
What does the Hubble Deep Field Survey add?
What does this mean for the laws of physics?
Why are we alone in the local universe?
Textbook: www.goodreads.com/book/show/27287494-introduction-to-cosmology
Переглядів: 1 485

Відео

Core-Collapse Supernovae
Переглядів 6 тис.16 годин тому
Learning about the Stellar Evolution of massive stars, we explore the violent Type II Supernova. They explode when they try to fuse iron and nickel in their core, but cannot because these reactions and others near and past the "Iron Peak" have Binding Energies that are lower than for less-massive elements and isotopes. We examine Supernova 1987a as an odd example. When massive stars die, they g...
Evolution of Solar Mass Stars
Переглядів 2,5 тис.21 годину тому
We trace the Sun's Phases of Life and detail what we know about Stellar Evolution. We watch the Sun as it finishes its Main Sequence life, becoming a Red Giant. At the end of this cycle, it will make a Planetary Nebula, and finish with a Degenerate Matter White Dwarf. I also talk about tiny stars: the Red Dwarfs. The Sun will live and die. What is the Sun's fate and the fate of stars with lower...
The Solution to Olbers' Paradox
Переглядів 3,3 тис.День тому
Olbers' Paradox asks the question of why the night sky is dark. This odd question leads us to some incredible understandings about the cosmos. This is the second of the videos in my new series of Cosmology. I'm going through Dr. Barbara Ryden's textbook "Introduction to Cosmology". If you follow along, you'll get a full upper-division undergraduate course in Cosmology. I used this textbook at W...
What is Cosmology?
Переглядів 2,3 тис.14 днів тому
This is the very first of the videos in my new series of Cosmology. I'm going through Dr. Barbara Ryden's textbook "Introduction to Cosmology". If you follow along, you'll get a full upper-division undergraduate course in Cosmology. I used this textbook at William Paterson University. This course will cover the current state of the science of Cosmology. To follow along, it'll be a good idea for...
The Sun: Measuring and Understanding the Closest Star
Переглядів 10 тис.14 днів тому
This is the sixth lecture series of my complete online introductory undergraduate college course. This video series was used at William Paterson University and CUNY Hunter in online classes as well as to supplement in-person course material. Notes and links are present in the videos at the start of each lecture. To begin with, I chat about the bulk properties of the Sun, and some other interest...
The Solar Neutrino Problem
Переглядів 26 тис.21 день тому
Here we learn how the Standard Model of Physics was tested, and how the existence of fusion in the core of the Sun was actually determined. This led to two Nobel Prizes, and a lot of dry-cleaning fluid down a deep, deep hole. This is part of my intro Astronomy class taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. Proton-proton chain reaction: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton-proton_chain_reac...
The Realm of the Galaxies
Переглядів 15 тис.21 день тому
This is the thirteenth lecture series of my complete online introductory undergraduate college course. This video series was used at William Paterson University and CUNY Hunter in online classes as well as to supplement in-person course material. Notes and links are present in the videos at the start of each lecture. Here, we learn about galaxies in the universe. The Hubble Sequence of Galaxies...
Energy Transport in the Sun
Переглядів 3,4 тис.21 день тому
Here we learn how energy moves around in the Sun, and peek at the basic equations of stellar structure. This is part of my intro Astronomy class taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. Solar Convection Zone: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection_zone Solar Radiation Zone: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_zone Convection: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convection#Stellar_physics Radiative Transfe...
Colliding and Interacting Galaxies
Переглядів 1,2 тис.28 днів тому
Galaxies are not small compared to the distances between them. Therefore, they crash together over hundreds of millions of years, creating new stars and disrupting their shapes. This is part of my complete intro Astronomy class that I taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. This remaster tried to get rid of the background music so there’s some artifacts. Music by Matthew Huffaker ...
What is the Cosmic Redshift?
Переглядів 3,6 тис.Місяць тому
Edwin Hubble discovered the expansion of the Cosmos by seeking the distance to the Andromeda Galaxy. What is the cosmic redshift and how was it found? This is part of my intro Astronomy class I taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter.
Active Galaxies, Quasars and their Evolution
Переглядів 2,4 тис.Місяць тому
What is the source of the power of an Active galactic nucleus or Quasar? We look at the Supermassive black holes that create these amazing objects. Supermassive black hole: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supermassive_black_hole NGC 4261: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_4261 Centaurus A: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centaurus_A Centaurus A: A New Look at an Old Friend: chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2014/cena/ Messier 87:...
Galaxy Evolution and Deep Surveys
Переглядів 1,5 тис.Місяць тому
Where the island universes come from and how they grow over time has been an important recent study. Galaxies start as small clouds and undergo mergers and collisions over their billions of years of "life". We see evidence for the changes in galaxies as we do what is called "pencil-beam" surveys, like the Hubble Deep Field and its antecedents. We see the effects on galaxies as they collide in c...
Groups and Clusters of Galaxies
Переглядів 2,3 тис.Місяць тому
Galaxies appear in groups and clusters. Their mutual gravity reaches out across unimaginably huge distances to pull them together over cosmic time. As a result, these groups are rich with interactions and varied appearances. We find monster galaxies that cannibalize others and we find the largest gravitationally bound structures of the cosmos. The Local Group: en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_Group ...
The Extragalactic Distance Scale
Переглядів 2,7 тис.Місяць тому
We use many tools to get us out to the farthest reaches of the Cosmos. Herein, we summarize the various ways we learn to measure these gargantuan lengths, using the Cosmic Distance Ladder. This is part of my complete intro Astronomy class that I taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. When I originally recorded this in 2018, the Hubble Tension was only just beginning. Now, it's co...
Big Bang Cosmology: The Origin and Fate of the Universe
Переглядів 14 тис.Місяць тому
Big Bang Cosmology: The Origin and Fate of the Universe
Dark Energy, Supernovae and the Ultimate Fate of the Universe
Переглядів 6 тис.Місяць тому
Dark Energy, Supernovae and the Ultimate Fate of the Universe
Cosmic Inflation and the Origin of the Universe
Переглядів 4 тис.Місяць тому
Cosmic Inflation and the Origin of the Universe
Formation of Large Scale Structure in the Universe
Переглядів 4 тис.Місяць тому
Formation of Large Scale Structure in the Universe
Why Does Cosmic Expansion Cause Redshift?
Переглядів 1,3 тис.Місяць тому
Why Does Cosmic Expansion Cause Redshift?
Cosmic Calibration: Measuring the Properties of the Distant Stars
Переглядів 6 тис.Місяць тому
Cosmic Calibration: Measuring the Properties of the Distant Stars
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: The First Three Minutes of the Universe
Переглядів 11 тис.Місяць тому
Big Bang Nucleosynthesis: The First Three Minutes of the Universe
Stellar Spectral Classification
Переглядів 2,1 тис.Місяць тому
Stellar Spectral Classification
The Cosmic Microwave Background
Переглядів 2,6 тис.Місяць тому
The Cosmic Microwave Background
Redshift and The Big Bang
Переглядів 1,7 тис.Місяць тому
Redshift and The Big Bang
The Cosmological Principle
Переглядів 1,9 тис.Місяць тому
The Cosmological Principle
Stellar Mass, Luminosity and Lifespan
Переглядів 881Місяць тому
Stellar Mass, Luminosity and Lifespan
The Mass of Proxima Centauri b and Stellar Masses
Переглядів 1,8 тис.Місяць тому
The Mass of Proxima Centauri b and Stellar Masses
Eclipsing Binary Stars, and their Masses and Planets
Переглядів 1,2 тис.Місяць тому
Eclipsing Binary Stars, and their Masses and Planets
Star Clusters and Stellar Evolution
Переглядів 1,5 тис.Місяць тому
Star Clusters and Stellar Evolution

КОМЕНТАРІ

  • @ryanianm
    @ryanianm 5 годин тому

    Love your content. Would love some degenerate stellar matter videos. Evolution of accretion into balls of neutrons and how they play a galactic role into the substrate of the galactic environment. What are neutron stars role exactly? How do they contribute?

  • @noelstarchild
    @noelstarchild 8 годин тому

    This was a great episode, I love these early universe explanations, they always raise other questions in my mind however. I struggle with photons colliding as the Pauli exclusion principle doesn't apply to photons or gluons as they are massless. Hence we have lasers. Though gluballs seem different again. And weak force bosons require energy for creation, do they take it from the photons or from spacetime itself? Thoroughly enjoyed it Mr. Kendall, thank you.

  • @deltalima6703
    @deltalima6703 12 годин тому

    1:41:45 "the sun takes 2 1/4 million years to orbit the milky way" Uh no. The sun only makes it 1% of the way around in that time. You have made an error.

    • @JasonKendallAstronomer
      @JasonKendallAstronomer 11 годин тому

      Thanks for the catch! It's more like 225 million years, or a quarter of a billion years.

    • @deltalima6703
      @deltalima6703 8 годин тому

      I knew you knew that, its correct later in the same video. Glad to help. 👍

  • @EverydayScience-49
    @EverydayScience-49 14 годин тому

    Great ❤❤

  • @n-da-bunka2650
    @n-da-bunka2650 День тому

    What's the mass of a quark? Is it close to the size of an electron?

  • @thejamnasium6447
    @thejamnasium6447 День тому

    I've been wanting to write a blues song about neutrinos. "I must be a neutrino baby... cause you don't seem to notice when I pass through"

  • @netheex
    @netheex День тому

    Big bang nucleosynthesis

  • @gwugluud
    @gwugluud 2 дні тому

    The aliens would firehouse whatever they drink out of their nostrils and roll on the floor screaming with laughter, when they learn we call our galaxy “The Milky Way”.

  • @PaulHigginbothamSr
    @PaulHigginbothamSr 2 дні тому

    I recall the time of the neutrino capture in Japan was off by several hrs from all the Western nations impacts. It was thought at the time that Japan had mistimed the event somehow. Now I don't believe that was the case. But probably as the gamma ray burst was emitted that further neutrinos were emitted at a different time. This should really be examined in the model calculations. Every time examination should be calculated in the model, which shows to me not every thing has been understood fully.

  • @geniustips4369
    @geniustips4369 2 дні тому

    Very good videos, can you put them in series so as it will be easy to follow from the first to ......

  • @kdub6593
    @kdub6593 3 дні тому

    Thanks for the history, very interesting by itself.

  • @tomlavelle8340
    @tomlavelle8340 3 дні тому

    The time scale for these events go from billions of years down to milliseconds. Incredible to contemplate.

  • @ulunggnulu
    @ulunggnulu 3 дні тому

    Definetely not recommending this as a go-to-sleep vid. It's too much interesting for the brain to just shut off. Thanks Mr Jason, you got my sub :)

  • @ilanle
    @ilanle 3 дні тому

    i love this lecture so much, i have listened to it more than 10 times and i understand it better and better every time

  • @AricGardnerMontreal
    @AricGardnerMontreal 3 дні тому

    2:34:00 need this image on a shirt.

  • @hamentaschen
    @hamentaschen 3 дні тому

    Dude.

  • @cryostratos5359
    @cryostratos5359 3 дні тому

    What about direct urca process?

  • @rudolfsykora3505
    @rudolfsykora3505 4 дні тому

    Why can people see northern lights with naked eye in Belgium these days? Is it the sun itself, or its magnetic field of our planet ?

  • @daemeonation3018
    @daemeonation3018 5 днів тому

    I teach GCSE and A-level Astronomy and watch these videos all the time.

  • @memoredspectrum
    @memoredspectrum 5 днів тому

    @Jason Kendall Thank you for explaining some things for me, so much to learn more

  • @DrDeuteron
    @DrDeuteron 5 днів тому

    I just want to protest the megaparsec. I mean well all know the age of universe, and speaking in Mly and Gly just seems more natural. And while the light year is a unit tied to the 🌏, it is in a natural way. The parsec is also tied to the 🌏, it also involves a man made unit, the arcsecond. I guess the only truly natural unit of time is one over the Hubble constant…

  • @meyerjac
    @meyerjac 5 днів тому

    This is awesome. I loved the detailed physics of what is actually happening step by step as a star collapses.

  • @KF1
    @KF1 6 днів тому

    Hello from within 200Mpc of this broadcast!

  • @scottbruner9266
    @scottbruner9266 6 днів тому

    Hello professor Kendall, I showed up to the “wrong” lecture hall again. You are seriously making me want to take an astronomy course, even at my age of 49….

  • @chucklynch5505
    @chucklynch5505 6 днів тому

    You should read Aftermath by Sheffield. It is a great fictional account of Alpha Centauri do just this. Highly fictionalized but an outstanding read

  • @astronomy-channel
    @astronomy-channel 6 днів тому

    From the nature of the universe to the birth of nature. Philosophy meets science. Jason, you’re a content machine!

  • @astronomy-channel
    @astronomy-channel 6 днів тому

    Broad ranging- from the nature of the universe, to the birth of nature. Philosophy meets science. Jason you’re a content machine!

  • @travischilders5993
    @travischilders5993 6 днів тому

    Absolutely top tier lecture! My favorite YT channel right now.

  • @Singe0255
    @Singe0255 6 днів тому

    First! - This is a fundamental comment of the cosmos.

  • @charliemopps4926
    @charliemopps4926 6 днів тому

    years ago, I had a "nuclear scan" where they injected a radioactive tracer into my spinal column and then scanned me with a camera/detector that would pick up the radiation from that tracer. Later that day, coincidentally, I had a CT scan of my sinuses (I had a sinus infection at the time) while the scanner was on... I had x-ray vision. I could see through my eyelids, through the machine... it was wild. The techs thought I was crazy. But I recognized the blue color my vision had as Cherenkov radiation... so I looked it up to find out that's really a thing. It was wild. It only lasted while the x-rays were on... and I could only see hard metal objects... but it was wild. Like right out of a movie or something.

    • @JasonKendallAstronomer
      @JasonKendallAstronomer 6 днів тому

      Wow, that seems scary!

    • @charliemopps4926
      @charliemopps4926 4 дні тому

      @@JasonKendallAstronomer Nah... I recognized that unique shade of blue almost immediately and had a general idea of what was going on. I was so interested in trying to figure out how it worked that I didn't really think about worrying about it at the time. I could see the x-ray emitters? Bulbs? whatever... spinning in the CT scanner and then slow down at the end of the scan. That was pretty cool. I told the tech that I had seen 3 "Bulbs" or whatever, emitting the x-rays... and that kind of threw him for a loop because you couldn't see the mechanism at all in visible light. It was all behind plastic. I doubt the effect would have any real-world uses as... I could only see the x-ray emitters themselves, and then stuff that reflected the x-rays... I'm assuming metal in the room... like the framework of the machine and stuff. If you had that on "all the time" I assume you'd be getting cancer pretty quickly... also, not to mention the radioactive tracer I had in my CSF at the time as well. My only assumption is that, with the tracer in my CSF fluid, it somehow worked its way into my optic nerves or something? Then the x-rays were pointed at my sinuses... so basically directly at my eyeballs... so... Cherenkov radiation makes the most sense... of course, I could have just hallucinated the whole thing. They were giving me random drugs throughout the day... But it seems like an awfully specific hallucination given the circumstances.

  • @thomasgade226
    @thomasgade226 6 днів тому

    Nice overview. The sound is a little harsh though, sibilant and echo-y. Suggestion : use a softer warmer microphone, and set your mattress against the wall.

  • @astronomy-channel
    @astronomy-channel 6 днів тому

    Expertly written & narrated. Very detailed, yet understandable, and superbly illustrated. Top notch- Bravo Jason Kendall!

  • @lulalula176
    @lulalula176 6 днів тому

    anyone else wake up here

  • @rudypieplenbosch6752
    @rudypieplenbosch6752 6 днів тому

    Thank you professor 😎, neutrinos getting trapped, amazing.

  • @parkershaw8529
    @parkershaw8529 6 днів тому

    If I am one light-year from the supernova, I will see the light in one year, the apperant luminosity is 2.5 times of sun, the shock wave won't arrive for another 29 years. I don't think I will last long enough to be killed by the shock wave. There must be some other fast lethal stuff coming from the SN.

  • @brenopereira6437
    @brenopereira6437 7 днів тому

    Yay! Supernovae!

  • @tomorowsnobodys
    @tomorowsnobodys 7 днів тому

    I love your lectures! Thank you for sharing!

  • @taylorbullard2118
    @taylorbullard2118 7 днів тому

    Second! Love your work. I've learned so much over the past few years because of you. And the shots at creationism are based.

  • @davidcasci
    @davidcasci 7 днів тому

    Heinrich Wilhelm Matthias Olbers….. who’s mister OLBER ?

  • @garethdean6382
    @garethdean6382 7 днів тому

    Sorry, but does that nucleosynthesis diagram state that LEAD is partially made in dying low mass stars? HOW? Why are all the light elements from massive stars and the heavier ones from lower mass stars?

  • @scottbruner9266
    @scottbruner9266 7 днів тому

    I feel like I walked into the wrong lecture hall, found out the topic was WAY more interesting than the class I actually signed up for, and liked it so much that I just can’t leave. I want THIS class to adopt me.

  • @giovannilp03
    @giovannilp03 7 днів тому

    FUCK YEAHHHHHH

  • @robertthayer5779
    @robertthayer5779 7 днів тому

    Yea!

  • @ZeroPlayerGame
    @ZeroPlayerGame 8 днів тому

    Thank you for sharing your knowledge, sir! Really enjoying the series so far.

  • @Chazd1949
    @Chazd1949 8 днів тому

    Dr. Kendall - Thank you so much for all the hard work you put into these great video presentations. Since I have viewed and downloaded all of them to-date and find that sometimes a new appears that has the same title as a previous one, would it be possible for you to mention in the sub-title description when the new video replaces and existing one? Thanks !

  • @grproteus
    @grproteus 8 днів тому

    What was that at 8:30? Didn't catch that.

  • @cemotazca8628
    @cemotazca8628 8 днів тому

    My man ❤ As a lab technician I can learn so much astronomy on my commute or @home. Many many thanks 4 providing free quality education to far away places like to me in Germany ❤

  • @sonarbangla8711
    @sonarbangla8711 8 днів тому

    Neutrinos can have a lots of energy, the biggest that was detected in Japan was probably 350 EV ish. I was hoping to know how such energetic neutrinos are formed. The biggest caught in the Antarctic was like a base ball, hitting the mesh.

    • @Nukestarmaster
      @Nukestarmaster 6 днів тому

      Those neutrinos almost certainly don't come from the sun, so they would be outside this video's scope.

  • @thetobi583
    @thetobi583 8 днів тому

    Perfect! I just got home from work. Now to settle down n learn a thing or two while drifting away. Thanks, professor!

  • @DrDeuteron
    @DrDeuteron 8 днів тому

    2:15:00 I hear neutron star collisions are getting more credit for making heavy elements.